Journal: Heliyon

Article Title: Exploring the therapeutic potential of triterpenoid saponins from Gymnema sylvestre : Mechanistic insights into hepatoprotection, immunomodulation, anticancer activities, molecular docking, and pharmacokinetics

doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40850

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of triterpenoid saponin extract of G. sylvestre on cell viability of (a) COLO205 (Human Colon Cancer) and PC3 (Human prostate carcinoma) cells (b) cell viability of SKOV3 (Human ovarian cancer) and B16F10 (Mouse Melanoma) cell lines. The data is represented in the form of a bar graph and plotted using means ± SD of 3 individual experiments. Con: Control; GST: Triterpenoid saponin extract of G. sylvestre .

Article Snippet: All cancer cell lines, including COLO205 (Human colon cancer), PC3 (Human prostate carcinoma), SKOV3 (Human ovarian carcinoma), B16F10 (Mouse melanoma), MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231 as well as the normal CHO and HUVEC cell lines, were obtained from the National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS) in Pune, India.

Techniques: Control

Journal: Cancer Science

Article Title: Identification of zinc finger protein of the cerebellum 5 as a survival factor of prostate and colorectal cancer cells

doi: 10.1111/cas.13419

Figure Lengend Snippet: Zinc finger protein of the cerebellum 5 ( ZIC 5) positively regulated the proliferation and migration of prostate cancer ( PC a) and colorectal cancer ( CRC ) cells. DU 145, PC 3 ( PC a cell lines), HCT 116, and DLD ‐1 ( CRC cell lines) were transfected with negative control (siNeg) or ZIC 5 (si ZIC 5) small interfering RNA (si RNA ). Target sequence of si RNA was different between #1 and #2. (a) Cell proliferation was monitored at the indicated times. Statistical analysis was done using Tukey's multiple comparison test. (b) Two days after si RNA transfection, transwell migration assays were carried out. Statistical analysis was carried out using Student's t ‐test (*** P < 0.001, ** P < 0.01, * P < 0.05). N.S., not significant.

Article Snippet: PC3 PCa cell line was obtained from the Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources (JCRB) Cell Bank (National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan).

Techniques: Migration, Transfection, Negative Control, Small Interfering RNA, Sequencing, Comparison

Journal: Cancer Science

Article Title: Identification of zinc finger protein of the cerebellum 5 as a survival factor of prostate and colorectal cancer cells

doi: 10.1111/cas.13419

Figure Lengend Snippet: Zinc finger protein of the cerebellum 5 ( ZIC 5) regulated platelet‐derived growth factor D ( PDGFD ) expression in prostate cancer ( PC a) and colorectal cancer ( CRC ) cells. (a) DU 145 cells were transfected with negative control (siNeg) or ZIC 5 (si ZIC 5) small interfering RNA (si RNA ). ZIC 5 and PDGFD mRNA expression was determined in these cells by qPCR . Relative expression level was normalized to that of β‐actin ( ACTB ) as an internal control. Statistical analysis was carried out using Tukey's multiple comparison test. (b) DU 145, PC 3, HCT 116, and DLD ‐1 cells were transfected with siNeg or si ZIC 5 as indicated, after which the pro‐ PDGFD level was examined by Western blotting. GAPDH or β‐actin level was determined as the internal control. Quantification of the pro‐ PDGFD levels normalized to GAPDH or β‐actin from more than three independent experiments is shown in the bar graphs. (c) Cell proliferation was analyzed in DU 145, PC 3, HCT 116, and DLD ‐1 cells transfected with siNeg or si RNA for PDGFD (si PDGFD ). Target sequence of si RNA was different between #1 and #2. Statistical analysis was carried out using Dunnett's multiple comparison test (*** P < 0.001, ** P < 0.01, * P < 0.05).

Article Snippet: PC3 PCa cell line was obtained from the Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources (JCRB) Cell Bank (National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan).

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Expressing, Transfection, Negative Control, Small Interfering RNA, Control, Comparison, Western Blot, Sequencing

Journal: Cancer Science

Article Title: Identification of zinc finger protein of the cerebellum 5 as a survival factor of prostate and colorectal cancer cells

doi: 10.1111/cas.13419

Figure Lengend Snippet: Zinc finger protein of the cerebellum 5 ( ZIC 5) and platelet‐derived growth factor D ( PDGFD ) positively regulated the phosphorylation of FAK and STAT 3. (a) Levels of phosphorylated FAK (Tyr576/Tyr577) and STAT 3 (Tyr705) as well as levels of total FAK and STAT 3, ZIC 5, and β‐actin ( ACTB ) or GAPDH were examined in DU 145, PC 3, DLD ‐1, and HCT 116 cells transfected with negative control (siNeg) or ZIC 5 (si ZIC 5) small interfering RNA (si RNA ). N.D., not detected. (b) Levels of phosphorylated FAK (Tyr576/Tyr577) and STAT 3 (Tyr705) as well as total levels of FAK and STAT 3, pro‐ PDGFD and GAPDH were examined in DU 145, PC 3, DLD ‐1, and HCT 116 cells transfected with siNeg or si PDGFD . N.D., not detected. (c) Quantification of phosphorylated FAK or STAT 3 levels normalized to GAPDH or β‐actin in (a) and (b) from more than three independent experiments is shown in the bar graphs (*** P < 0.001, ** P < 0.01, * P < 0.05).

Article Snippet: PC3 PCa cell line was obtained from the Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources (JCRB) Cell Bank (National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan).

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Phospho-proteomics, Transfection, Negative Control, Small Interfering RNA

Journal: Cancer Science

Article Title: Identification of zinc finger protein of the cerebellum 5 as a survival factor of prostate and colorectal cancer cells

doi: 10.1111/cas.13419

Figure Lengend Snippet: Suppression of zinc finger protein of the cerebellum 5 ( ZIC 5) or platelet‐derived growth factor D ( PDGFD ) promoted apoptosis in prostate cancer ( PC a) and colorectal cancer ( CRC ) cells. (a) After culturing PC 3, DU 145, DLD ‐1, and HCT 116 cells for 4 days, expression levels of ZIC 5, phosphorylated STAT 3, STAT 3, and GAPDH were assessed. (b–d) DU 145, PC 3, HCT 116, and DLD ‐1 cells were transfected with negative control (siNeg) of small interfering RNA (siRNA), siRNA for ZIC5 (siZIC5), or siRNA for PDGFD (siPDGFD). After 3 days, these cells were incubated with FITC ‐labeled annexin V and Hoechst33342. (b) Percentage of annexin V‐positive cells transfected with siNeg or si ZIC 5 was determined. (c) Percentage of annexin V‐positive cells transfected with siNeg or si PDGFD was determined. Statistical analysis was carried out using Student's t ‐test (*** P < 0.001, ** P < 0.01, * P < 0.05). N.S., not significant. (d) Representative images of FITC ‐annexin V staining (green) and Hoechst (blue). Scale bar, 30 μm.

Article Snippet: PC3 PCa cell line was obtained from the Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources (JCRB) Cell Bank (National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan).

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Expressing, Transfection, Negative Control, Small Interfering RNA, Incubation, Labeling, Staining

Journal: Cancer Science

Article Title: Identification of zinc finger protein of the cerebellum 5 as a survival factor of prostate and colorectal cancer cells

doi: 10.1111/cas.13419

Figure Lengend Snippet: Suppression of zinc finger protein of the cerebellum 5 ( ZIC 5) or platelet‐derived growth factor D ( PDGFD ) sensitized prostate cancer ( PC a) and colorectal cancer ( CRC ) cells to anti‐cancer drugs. (a) Cells transfected with negative control (siNeg) of small interfering RNA (siRNA), siRNA for ZIC5 (siZIC5), or siRNA for PDGFD (siPDGFD) were treated with docetaxel (dtx, 5 nM) or oxaliplatin (oxa, 20 μM) for 24 h ( HCT 116) or 48 h ( DU 145, PC 3, and DLD ‐1), and then stained with FITC ‐annexin V (green) and Hoechst (blue). Scale bar, 30 μm. (b) Percentage of annexin V‐positive cells is shown. (c) DLD ‐1 cells transfected with ZIC 5‐expression vector or relevant empty vector (mock) were treated with oxaliplatin for 48 h, and then stained with FITC ‐annexin V. Percentage of annexin V‐positive cells is shown (left). Levels of phosphorylated STAT 3 (Tyr705) and total STAT 3, ZIC 5 and GAPDH were assessed by Western blotting (right). Statistical analysis was carried out using Tukey's multiple comparison test (*** P < 0.001, ** P < 0.01, * P < 0.05). (d) PC 3 cells were transfected with negative control (siNeg) or ZIC 5 (si ZIC 5) small interfering RNA (si RNA ). After 3 days, cells were harvested and analyzed using the Proteome Profiler (Human Phospho‐Kinase Array). Level of each spot was quantified and the fold change (si ZIC 5/siNeg) was determined. The top four candidates are shown. (e) Expression levels of HSP 60 and p27 kip1 were assessed in PC 3 cells transfected with siNeg or si ZIC 5. GAPDH was used as the loading control.

Article Snippet: PC3 PCa cell line was obtained from the Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources (JCRB) Cell Bank (National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan).

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Transfection, Negative Control, Small Interfering RNA, Staining, Expressing, Plasmid Preparation, Western Blot, Comparison, Control